We adopt the Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) framework, already in widespread use in the field of ecotoxicology and environmental risk assessment, to evaluate generic doses for phytosanitary treatments. Parametric SSDs for Curculionidae and Tephritidae were developed using existing data on efficacious phytosanitary irradiation treatments. The resulting SSDs provided estimates of the taxa coverage expected by the generic dose, along with the margin of uncertainty. The quantitative estimates of risk produced by the SSD approach can be a valuable tool for phytosanitary rule making.