Some of the major field crop pests (e.g., western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), white grubs (e.g., Heteronychus arator)) are able to circumvent plant-nematode signaling rendering potentially rendering entomopathogenic nematodes inefficient. Examples picked in different systems will be presented and how this impact insect pest management with entomopathogenic nematodes will be discussed.
