Aedes aegypti Insecticide resistance,temperature, and cytochrome P450

The rise of globalization, and climate change, has increased the geographical range of insect populations has expanded worldwide. Vector control, use of insecticides is essential in the prevention and control of infectious diseases such zika, dengue, and chikungunya. The widespread of insecticides leads to development of insecticide resistance, making insecticides ineffective. The interaction between temperature and insecticide resistance is currently not well understood. In this study we observe the efficacy of insecticides after exposing mosquitoes to varying temperatures. We used an Aedes aegypti population from the lower Rio Grande Valley, and exposed them to temperatures (30.55 ˚C, and 36˚C) that reflect the seasonal temperatures in the lower Rio Grande Valley. Aedes aegypti were either exposed 7-10 days, during their larval stage, or shifted temperatures from larval stage(30.55 ˚C) to the early adult stage( 36˚C) to the temperatures. Following exposure to temperatures, female adults were tested for resistance to permethrin, or deltamethrin using the CDC Bottle Bioassay. Based on our results mosquitoes that were exposed to temperatures of 30.55 ˚C, at the diagnostic time average mortality was 20% for permethrin, and 15% for deltamethrin. Amongst the pyrethroids used, permethrin had the highest mortality compared to deltamethrin. We then tested for the presence of the gene Cytochrome P450 among the adult female to analyze the interaction of temperature and physiological interactions. Results of P450 analysis will be discussed. Understanding insecticide resistance and how it relates to mosquito growth and development and climate will allow for more effective control efforts for the future.