Evaluation of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) extracts against three mosquito species by a high throughput screening system

Background
Personal protection by using mosquito plant repellents is of interesting approach and deemed as an alternative tool to control vector-borne diseases.  One of the important natural herbs which show promising repellent activity is Andrographis paniculate (Acanthaceae). Our main objective is to evaluate the A. paniculat’sextract against 3 mosquito species.  
Material and Method
A. paniculata and five constituents including F1(mix chemical), F2(14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide and mix chemicals), F3(14-Deoxy-11,12didehydroandrographolide), F4(andrographolide and 14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide) and F5(andrographolide and Neoandrographolide) were characterized against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles dirus and Anopheles minimus by the high-throughput screening system (HITSS). The HITSS is used to screen varying doses of constituents to activate behavioral responses. Spatial repellency response, contact irritancy response and toxicity in mosquitoes to all test compound at concentrations 1.0, 2.5 and 5% were observed.
Result
The highest spatial repellency was found at 2.5%, for F3 to all mosquito populations. While the highest contact irritancy response was found at 5% of crude extract to Ae. aegypti. The most toxic response was found at 5%, except F2 and F4 which had no toxic to all mosquito populations.   
Conclusion
 In conclusion, A. paniculate and constituents F3 are potentials use as an active ingredient for mosquito repellents and presents no toxicity to Anopheles mosquitoes.